Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his address to the nation on August 15, 2019 expressed concerns over the growing population of the country which brought the focus on the demographic trends in India. According to the United Nations Population Division, the population of India stood at 1,366 million as on July 1, 2019 and it will reach 1,469 million in 2027 and overtake China’s numbers. This means India will become the most populous country in 2027 and will continue to grow to have a population of 1,652 million in 2059. Thereafter, the population will start declining and is projected to come down to 1,450 million in 2100. Such a large population has implications for food, housing, education, energy, employment, environment, healthcare and transport.

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